Olanzapine versus haloperidol: which can control stuttering better?

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of olanzapine versus haloperidol to control the signs and symptoms of stuttering. Ninety-three patients were recruited in a 12-week single-blind randomized clinical trial, which was held between October 2009 and October 2010. Forty-three patients received olanzapine [5 mg/day] and 50 patients, haloperidol [2.5 mg/day]. Before and after the study, they were evaluated by a speech pathologist by Van Riper's questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 16. T-test was used to compare the data between the two groups. Mean of stuttering score [SD] before treatment was 4.67 [0.81] and 4.40 [1.14] in haloperidol and olanzapine groups, respectively [P > 0.05]. After treatment, the mean [SD] score was 2.87 [1.32] and 1.56 [0.71] in haloperidol and olanzapine groups, respectively [P = 0.000]. It seems that olanzapine does have better impact in controlling stuttering, and it may be recommended to prescribe olanzapine for stutters as the first choice to control the stuttering under a careful follow-up

[Prevalence of dyslexia in first to fifth grade elementary students Isfahan, Iran]

Reading is undoubtedly an essential skill for everybody in these years. Reading disorders or dyslexia can cause several problems for those who suffer from them. Early assessment and diagnosis play an important role in treatment of this disorder. The main aim of this study was determining the prevalence of reading disorder in first to fifth grade elementary school students. The subbasic aim was introducing the screening Inventory Reading Test [IRT] for diagnosis of the Students with reading disorder at elementary schools. A total of 200 students [boys and girls] in five elementary education grades in Isfahan were selected through multi-stage random sampling method and assessed by IRT in 2008. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Software package version 13.0 for Windows. This survey revealed the highest prevalence of reading disorder in the first grade male students [25%], and the lowest in fifth grade female students [0%]. The incidence of dyslexia in all grade generally was 10%. The overall incidence was 66% for male students and 34% for female students. Reading disorder is more prevalent among male students than female students and the Inventory Reading Test is a satisfactory tool for rapid diagnosis of reading disorder